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Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution, 2000
Entry into force: Friday, January 18, 2002
Adoption date: May 25, 2000
Adoption place: New York
Depositary: Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies
Signed by 121 countries, ratified by 175 countries
Signatory countries
| Country | Signature date | Ratification date * | Reservation / Declaration | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan
|
- |
Sep 19, 2002 |
- |
|
 Albania
|
- |
Feb 5, 2008 |
- |
|
 Algeria
|
- |
Dec 27, 2006 |
- |
|
 Andorra
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Apr 30, 2001 |
- |
|
 Angola
|
- |
Mar 24, 2005 |
- |
|
 Antigua and Barbuda
|
Dec 18, 2001 |
Apr 30, 2002 |
- |
|
 Argentina
|
Apr 1, 2002 |
Sep 25, 2003 |
Declaration:
With reference to article 2, the Argentine Republic would prefer a broader definition of sale of children, as set out in the Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors which Argentina has ratified and which, in its article 2, expressly defines traffic as the abduction, removal or retention, or attempted abduction, removal or retention, of a minor for unlawful purposes or by unlawful means. Therefore, under article 41 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, this meaning shall continue to apply. For the same reasons, the Argentine Republic believes that the sale of children should be criminalized in all cases and not only in those enumerated in article 3, paragraph 1 (a). Concerning article 3, the Argentine Republic further states that it has not signed international instruments on the international adoption of minors, has entered a reservation in respect of subparagraphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) of article 21 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child dealing with international adoption, and does not permit international adoption of children domiciled or resident in its jurisdiction. Concerning article 7, the Argentine Republic construes the term 'confiscation' (confiscación) to mean the seizure of goods and proceeds as part of a sentence or penalty (decomisar).* *Translator's note: The meaning of the Spanish term "decomisar" is not as broad as the English "seizure". "Decomisar" means "seizure" during the sentencing or penalty phase only. (Seizure as a preventive measure is rendered with "incautación".) |
|
 Armenia
|
Sep 24, 2003 |
Jun 30, 2005 |
- |
|
 Australia
|
Dec 18, 2001 |
Jan 8, 2007 |
- |
|
 Austria
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
May 6, 2004 |
Objections:
4 Octobre 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: "The Government of Austria has examined the reservation to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography made by the Government of Qatar at the time of its accession to the Optional Protocol. The Government of Austria are of the view that since this reservation refers in a general manner to the Islamic law without precising its content it leaves other state parties in doubt as to the real extent of the state of Qatar's commitment to the Optional Protocol. It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become parties are respected as to their object and purpose., by all parties, and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative change necessary to comply with their obligations under the treaties. For these reasons, the Government of Austria objects to this reservation made by the Government of Qatar. This position, however, does not preclude the entry into force in its entirety of the Optional Protocol between Qatar and Austria." |
|
 Azerbaijan
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Jul 3, 2002 |
- |
|
 Bahamas
|
- |
Sep 28, 2015 |
|
|
 Bahrain
|
- |
Sep 21, 2004 |
- |
|
 Bangladesh
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Sep 6, 2000 |
- |
|
 Belarus
|
- |
Jan 23, 2002 |
- |
|
 Belgium
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Mar 17, 2006 |
Upon signature:
Declaration: This signature is equally binding on the French community, the Flemish community and the German-speaking community. Upon ratification: Declaration: [Waiting for translation] |
|
 Belize
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Dec 1, 2003 |
- |
|
 Benin
|
Feb 22, 2001 |
Jan 31, 2005 |
- |
|
 Bhutan
|
Sep 15, 2005 |
Oct 26, 2009 |
- |
|
 Bolivia
|
Nov 10, 2001 |
Jun 3, 2003 |
- |
|
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Sep 4, 2002 |
- |
|
 Botswana
|
- |
Sep 24, 2003 |
- |
|
 Brazil
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Jan 27, 2004 |
- |
|
 Brunei Darussalam
|
- |
Nov 21, 2006 |
- |
|
 Bulgaria
|
Jun 8, 2001 |
Feb 12, 2002 |
- |
|
 Burkina Faso
|
Nov 16, 2001 |
Mar 31, 2006 |
- |
|
 Burundi
|
- |
Nov 6, 2007 |
- |
|
 Cabo Verde
|
- |
May 10, 2002 |
- |
|
 Cambodia
|
Jun 27, 2000 |
May 30, 2002 |
- |
|
 Cameroon
|
Oct 5, 2001 |
- |
- |
|
 Canada
|
Nov 10, 2001 |
Sep 14, 2005 |
- |
|
 Central African Republic
|
Sep 27, 2010 |
Oct 24, 2012 |
- |
|
 Chad
|
May 3, 2002 |
Aug 28, 2002 |
- |
|
 Chile
|
Jun 28, 2000 |
Feb 6, 2003 |
- |
|
 China
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Dec 3, 2002 |
- |
|
 Colombia
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Nov 11, 2003 |
Declaration:
Concerning article 7 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, Colombia declares that, in accordance with its domestic legal system, it construes the penalty of "confiscation" (confiscación) only as seizure or forfeiture during the penalty phase. |
|
 Comoros
|
- |
Feb 23, 2007 |
- |
|
 Congo
|
- |
Oct 27, 2009 |
- |
|
 Costa Rica
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Apr 9, 2002 |
- |
|
 Croatia
|
May 8, 2002 |
May 13, 2002 |
- |
|
 Cuba
|
Oct 13, 2000 |
Sep 25, 2001 |
- |
|
 Cyprus
|
Feb 8, 2001 |
Apr 6, 2006 |
Objections:
12 August 2003* With regard to the declaration made by Turkey upon ratification: "...The Government of the Republic of Cyprus has examined the declaration made by the Government of the Republic of Turkey upon ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography on 19 August 2002, in respect of the implementation of the provisions of the Convention only to the States Parties which it recognizes and with which it has diplomatic relations. In the view of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus, this declaration amounts to a reservation. This reservation creates uncertainty as to the States Parties in respect of which Turkey is undertaking the obligations in the Convention and raises doubt as to the commitment of Turkey to the object and purpose of the said Optional Protocol. The Government of the Republic of Cyprus therefore objects to the reservation made by the Government of the Republic of Turkey to the Optional Protocol to the Convention of the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. This reservation or the objection to it shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Republic of Cyprus and the Republic of Turkey." * With regard to this objection, the Government of Cyprus, upon ratification of the Optional Protocol, on 6 April 2006, stated the following: “ The Government of the Republic of Cyprus wishes to reiterate its objection of 12th August 2003, with regard to the declaration made by Turkey upon ratification." |
|
 Czech Republic
|
Jan 26, 2005 |
Aug 26, 2013 |
- |
Objection to the reservation made by Oman upon rafitication: “The Government of the Czech Republic has examined the reservation to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (hereinafter as the ‘Optional Protocol’) made by the Government of the Sultanate of Oman upon accession to the Optional Protocol. Since in the reservation the Sultanate of Oman announces that the scope of application of the provisions of the Optional Protocol will be limited by Islamic law, by the legislation in force in the Sultanate, and by the material resources available, the Government of the Czech Republic believes that the reservation raises doubts about the extent to which the Sultanate of Oman undertakes to honour its obligations arising from the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Czech Republic believes that this reservation is incompatible with the object and purpose of the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Czech Republic points out that customary international law codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (Vienna, 23 May 1969), in particular in its Article 19, does not be permit such reservations. The Government of the Czech Republic therefore objects to the aforesaid reservation to the Optional Protocol made by the Sultanate of Oman. This objection does not preclude the entry into force of the Optional Protocol between the Czech Republic and the Sultanate of Oman, without the Sultanate of Oman benefiting from its reservation.” |
 Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea
|
Sep 9, 2014 |
Nov 10, 2014 |
|
|
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
- |
Nov 11, 2001 |
- |
|
 Denmark
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Jul 24, 2003 |
Declaration:
"In connection with the deposit of Denmark's instrument of ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography Denmark declares that she interprets the words "any representation"in article 2 (c), of the Protocol to mean "any visual representation". Denmark further declares that the possession of pornographic visual representation of a person, who has completed his or her fifteenth year and who has consented to the said possession, shall not be considered covered by the binding provisions of the Protocol." |
|
 Djibouti
|
Jun 14, 2006 |
Apr 27, 2011 |
- |
|
 Dominica
|
- |
Sep 20, 2002 |
- |
|
 Dominican Republic
|
- |
Dec 6, 2006 |
- |
|
 Ecuador
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Jan 30, 2004 |
- |
|
 Egypt
|
- |
Jul 12, 2002 |
- |
|
 El Salvador
|
Sep 13, 2002 |
May 17, 2004 |
Declaration:
The Government of the Republic of El Salvador recognizes the extradition of nationals on the basis of the second and third clauses of article 28 of the Constitution, which stipulate that "Extradition will be regulated under international treaties; in cases involving Salvadorans, extradition will proceed only if the treaty in question expressly allows it and the treaty has been approved by the respective legislatures of the signatory countries. In any case, the terms of the treaty must include the principle of reciprocity and give Salvadorans all the guarantees with respect to trials and penalties that this Constitution provides. The accused will be extradited if the offence was committed in the territory of the requesting country, unless the offence is international in scope, and in no case for political offences, even though common criminal offences may have occurred as a result.". |
|
 Equatorial Guinea
|
- |
Feb 7, 2003 |
- |
|
 Eritrea
|
- |
Feb 16, 2005 |
- |
|
 Estonia
|
Sep 24, 2003 |
Aug 3, 2004 |
- |
|
 Ethiopia
|
- |
Mar 25, 2014 |
- |
|
 Fiji
|
Sep 16, 2005 |
Mar 9, 2021 |
- |
|
 Finland
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Jun 1, 2012 |
- |
|
 France
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Feb 5, 2003 |
Objections:
18 June 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: The Government of the French Republic has examined the reservation entered by the Government of Qatar upon acceding to the Optional Protocol of 25 May 2000 to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, concerning the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. While indicating that it was acceding to the Protocol and voicing, in a general manner, reservations with respect to provisions of the Protocol that it regards as violating Islamic Shariah rules, the Government of Qatar has entered a reservation of a general, indeterminate nature that leaves other States parties unable to establish which provisions of the Convention the reservation currently concerns and which provisions are likely to be concerned in the future. The Government of the French Republic believes that the reservation could deprive the provisions of the Convention of any effect and is entering an objection thereto. 18 November 2005 With regard to the reservations made by Oman upon accession: “The Government of the French Republic has examined the reservation entered by the Government of the Sultanate of Oman upon acceding, on 17 September 2004, to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, concerning the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography by which the Sultanate extends to the Protocol the reservations it entered with respect to the Convention. While indicating that it was acceding to the Protocol and voicing, in a general manner, reservations with respect to provisions of the Protocol that it regards as violating Islamic sharia rules, the Sultanate of Oman has entered a reservation of a general, indeterminate nature that leaves other States parties unable to establish which provisions of the Convention the reservation currently concerns and which provisions are likely to be concerned in the future. Theovernment of the French Republic believes that the reservation could deprive the provisions of the Convention of any effect and is entering an objection thereto. This objection shall not prevent the entry into force of the Convention between France and the Sultanate of Oman.” |
|
 Gabon
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Oct 1, 2007 |
- |
|
 Gambia
|
Dec 21, 2000 |
Apr 8, 2010 |
- |
|
 Georgia
|
- |
Jun 28, 2005 |
- |
|
 Germany
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Jul 15, 2009 |
Objections:
21 March 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: "The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany has examined the reservation to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography made by the Government of Qatar at the time of its accession to the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany is of the view that the reservation with regard to the compatibility of the rules of the Optional Protocol with the precepts of Islamic Shariah raises doubts as to the commitment of Qatar to fulfil its obligations under the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany considers this reservation to be incompatible with the object and purpose of the Optional Protocol. Therefore the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany objects to the aforesaid reservation made by the Government of Qatar to the Optional Protocol. |
|
 Ghana
|
Sep 24, 2003 |
- |
- |
|
 Greece
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Feb 22, 2008 |
- |
|
 Grenada
|
- |
Feb 6, 2012 |
- |
|
 Guatemala
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
May 9, 2002 |
- |
|
 Guinea
|
- |
Nov 16, 2011 |
- |
|
 Guinea-Bissau
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Nov 1, 2010 |
- |
|
 Guyana
|
- |
Jul 30, 2010 |
- |
|
 Haiti
|
Aug 15, 2002 |
Sep 9, 2014 |
- |
|
 Holy See
|
Oct 10, 2000 |
Oct 24, 2001 |
- |
|
 Honduras
|
- |
May 8, 2002 |
- |
|
 Hungary
|
Mar 11, 2002 |
Feb 24, 2010 |
Objections:
With regard to the reservation made by Oman upon accession: “The Government of the Republic of Hungary has examined the reservations made by the Sultanate of Oman on 17 September 2004 to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The Government of the Republic of Hungary notes that the Sultanate of Oman does not consider itself bound by the provisions of the Optional Protocol that do not accord with the Islamic law or the legislation in force in the Sultanate, and also notes that the Sultanate of Oman intends to apply the Optional Protocol within the limits imposed by the material resources available. The Government of the Republic of Hungary is of the view that the Sultanate of Oman has made reservations of a general nature which do not define clearly to what extent it considers itself bound by the provisions of the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Republic of Hungary notes that according to Article 19 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties reservations that are incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty shall not be permitted. The Government of the Republic of Hungary therefore objects to the above-mentioned reservations. The objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Optional Protocol between the Republic of Hungary and the Sultanate of Oman. The Optional Protocol enters into force in its entirety between the Republic of Hungary and the Sultanate of Oman, without the Sultanate of Oman benefiting from its reservations.” |
|
 Iceland
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Jul 9, 2001 |
- |
|
 India
|
Nov 15, 2004 |
Aug 16, 2005 |
- |
|
 Indonesia
|
Sep 24, 2001 |
Sep 24, 2012 |
- |
|
 Iran
|
- |
Sep 26, 2007 |
- |
|
 Iraq
|
- |
Jun 24, 2008 |
- |
|
 Ireland
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
- |
- |
|
 Israel
|
Nov 14, 2001 |
Jul 23, 2008 |
Objections:
30 September 2003 With regard to the declaration made by the Syrian Arab Republic upon accession: "The Government of the State of Israel has noted that the instrument of accession of the Syrian Arab Republic to the above mentioned Protocol contains a declaration with respect to the State of Israel. The Government of the State of Israel is of the view that the declaration which is political in its nature, is incompatible with the purposes and objectives of this Protocol. The Government of the State of Israel therefore objects to the aforesaid declaration made by the Syrian Arab Republic to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography." On 23 July 2008, upon its ratification to the Protocol, the Government of the State of Israel reiterated his objection to the declaration made by the Syrian Arab Republic upon accession. The text of the objection made by the State of Israel upon ratification reads as follows: “The Government of the State of Israel has noted that the instrument of accession of the Syrian Arab Republic of the above-mentioned Protocol which appears in the Depositary Notification Ref: C.N.679.2003.TREATIES-15 of 2 July 2003, contains a declaration with respect to the State of Israel. The Government of the State of Israel considers that such declaration, which is explicitly of a political nature, is incompatible with the purposes and objectives of the Protocol. The Government of the State of Israel therefore objects to the aforesaid declaration made by the Syrian Arab Republic.” |
|
 Italy
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
May 9, 2002 |
- |
|
 Ivory Coast
|
- |
Sep 19, 2011 |
- |
|
 Jamaica
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Aug 26, 2011 |
- |
|
 Japan
|
May 10, 2002 |
Jan 24, 2005 |
- |
|
 Jordan
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Dec 4, 2006 |
- |
|
 Kazakhstan
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Aug 24, 2001 |
- |
|
 Kenya
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
- |
- |
|
 Kiribati
|
- |
Sep 16, 2015 |
|
|
 Kuwait
|
- |
Aug 26, 2004 |
Reservation:
.....with a reservation in respect of paragraph 5 of article 3 of the second protocol. |
|
 Kyrgyzstan
|
- |
Feb 12, 2003 |
- |
|
 Lao People's Democratic Republic
|
- |
Sep 20, 2006 |
Reservation:
"The Lao People's Democratic Republic [...] does not consider itself bound by Article 5 (2) of the said Optional Protocol." |
|
 Latvia
|
Feb 1, 2002 |
Feb 22, 2006 |
- |
|
 Lebanon
|
Oct 10, 2001 |
Nov 8, 2004 |
- |
|
 Lesotho
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Sep 24, 2003 |
- |
|
 Liberia
|
Sep 22, 2004 |
- |
- |
|
 Libya
|
- |
Jun 18, 2004 |
- |
|
 Liechtenstein
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Jan 30, 2013 |
- |
The Protocol will enter into force for Liechtenstein on 28 February 2013 in accordance with its article 14 (2). |
 Lithuania
|
- |
Aug 5, 2004 |
- |
|
 Luxembourg
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Sep 2, 2011 |
- |
|
 Madagascar
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Sep 22, 2004 |
- |
|
 Malawi
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Oct 7, 2009 |
- |
|
 Malaysia
|
- |
Apr 12, 2012 |
“1.The Government of Malaysia declares that the words ‘any representation’ in article 2 paragraph (c),
shall be interpreted to mean ‘any visual representation’. 2.The Government of Malaysia understands that article 3 paragraph (1)(a)(ii) of the said Optional Protocol is applicable only to States Parties to the Convention on Protection of Children and Co- operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, done at the Hague on 29 May 1993.” |
|
 Maldives
|
May 10, 2002 |
May 10, 2002 |
- |
|
 Mali
|
- |
May 16, 2002 |
- |
|
 Malta
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Sep 28, 2010 |
- |
|
 Mauritania
|
- |
Apr 23, 2007 |
- |
|
 Mauritius
|
Nov 11, 2001 |
Jun 14, 2011 |
- |
|
 Mexico
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Mar 15, 2002 |
- |
|
 Micronesia, Federated States of
|
May 8, 2002 |
Apr 23, 2012 |
- |
|
 Monaco
|
Jun 26, 2000 |
Sep 24, 2008 |
- |
|
 Mongolia
|
Nov 12, 2001 |
Jun 27, 2003 |
- |
|
 Montenegro
|
- |
Oct 23, 2006 |
- |
|
 Morocco
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Oct 2, 2001 |
- |
|
 Mozambique
|
- |
Mar 6, 2003 |
- |
|
 Myanmar
|
- |
Jan 16, 2012 |
- |
|
 Namibia
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Apr 16, 2002 |
- |
|
 Nauru
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
- |
- |
|
 Nepal
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Jan 20, 2006 |
- |
|
 Netherlands
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Aug 23, 2005 |
- |
TERRITORIAL APPLICATION TO THE CARIBBEAN PART OF THE NETHERLANDS (BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA) 11 October 2010 |
 New Zealand
|
Sep 7, 2000 |
Sep 20, 2011 |
- |
|
 Nicaragua
|
- |
Dec 2, 2004 |
- |
|
 Niger
|
Mar 27, 2002 |
Oct 26, 2004 |
- |
|
 Nigeria
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Sep 27, 2010 |
- |
|
 Norway
|
Jun 13, 2000 |
Oct 2, 2001 |
Objections:
30 December 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: "The Government of Norway has examined the content of the reservation made by the Government of Qatar upon accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography. The reservation purports to give Islamic Shariah preference over the provisions of the Optional Protocol and does not clearly define to what extent Qatar has accepted the obligations of the latter. The Government of Norway therefore objects to the reservation, as it is contrary to the object and purpose of the Optional Protocol and thus impermissible according to well-established principles of international law. This objection does not preclude the entry into force in its entirety of the Optional Protocol between the Kingdom of Norway and Qatar. The Optional Protocol thus becomes operative between Norway and Qatar without Qatar benefiting from the reservation." 19 January 2006 With regard to the reservation made by Oman upon accession: "The Permanent Mission of Norway to the United Nations presents its compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to convey that Norway has examined the second and third reservations made by the Government of the Sultanate of Oman on 17 September 2004 on accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (New York, 25 May 2000) which concern Islamic and domestic law and limits imposed by the material resources available. The Government of Norway is of the view that these general reservations raise doubts as to the full commitment of the Sultanate of Oman to the object and purpose of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and would like to recall that according to customary international law as codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention shall not be permitted. The Government of Norway therefore objects to the aforesaid reservations made by the Government of the Sultanate of Oman to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. This objection does not preclude the entry into force in its entirety, of the Convention between the Kingdom of Norway and the Sultanate of Oman, without the latter benefiting from these reservations." |
|
 Oman
|
- |
Sep 17, 2004 |
Reservation:
..... subject to the Sultanate's reservations to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. |
|
 Pakistan
|
Sep 26, 2001 |
Jul 5, 2011 |
- |
|
 Panama
|
Oct 31, 2000 |
Feb 9, 2001 |
- |
|
 Paraguay
|
Sep 13, 2000 |
Aug 18, 2003 |
- |
|
 Peru
|
Nov 1, 2000 |
May 8, 2002 |
- |
|
 Philippines
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
May 28, 2002 |
- |
|
 Poland
|
Feb 13, 2002 |
Feb 4, 2005 |
- |
|
 Portugal
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
May 16, 2003 |
- |
|
 Qatar
|
- |
Dec 14, 2001 |
|
|
 Republic of Korea
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Sep 24, 2004 |
Declaration:
The Government of the Republic of Korea understands that Article 3(1)(a)(ii) of the aforementioned Protocol is applicable only to States Parties to the Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, done at The Hague on 29 May 1993. |
|
 Republic of Moldova
|
Feb 8, 2002 |
Apr 12, 2007 |
Declaration:
"Until the full re-establishment of the territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova, the provisions of the convention shall be applied only on the territory controlled effectively by the authorities of the Republic of Moldova." |
|
 Romania
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Oct 18, 2001 |
- |
|
 Russian Federation
|
Sep 26, 2012 |
Sep 24, 2013 |
- |
|
 Rwanda
|
- |
Mar 14, 2002 |
- |
|
 Saint Lucia
|
Sep 22, 2011 |
Oct 8, 2013 |
- |
|
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
- |
Sep 15, 2005 |
- |
|
 Samoa
|
- |
Apr 29, 2016 |
|
|
 San Marino
|
Jun 5, 2000 |
Sep 26, 2011 |
- |
|
 Saudi Arabia
|
- |
Aug 18, 2010 |
- |
|
 Senegal
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Nov 5, 2003 |
- |
|
 Serbia
|
Oct 8, 2001 |
Oct 10, 2002 |
- |
|
 Seychelles
|
Jan 23, 2001 |
Dec 11, 2012 |
- |
|
 Sierra Leone
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Sep 17, 2001 |
- |
|
 Slovakia
|
Nov 30, 2001 |
Jun 25, 2004 |
- |
|
 Slovenia
|
Sep 8, 2000 |
Sep 23, 2004 |
- |
|
 Solomon Islands
|
Sep 24, 2009 |
- |
- |
|
 South Africa
|
- |
Jun 30, 2003 |
- |
|
 South Sudan
|
- |
Sep 27, 2018 |
|
|
 Spain
|
Sep 6, 2000 |
Dec 18, 2001 |
Objections:
10 September 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: The Government of the Kingdom of Spain has examined the reservation made by the Government of the State of Qatar on 14 December 2001 to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, concerning any provisions in the protocol that are in conflict with the Islamic Shariah. The Government of the Kingdom of Spain considers that this reservation, which refers in a general way to Islamic law without specifying its content, creates doubts among the other States parties about the extent to which the State of Qatar commits itself to comply with the Optional Protocol. The Government of the Kingdom of Spain is of the view that the reservation by the Government of the State of Qatar is incompatible with the object and purpose of the said Optional Protocol, since it refers to the Protocol as a whole and could seriously restrict or even exclude its application on a basis as ill-defined as the general reference to the Islamic Shariah. Therefore, the Government of the Kingdom of Spain objects to the above-mentioned reservation by the Government of the State of Qatar to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the said Optional Protocol between the Kingdom of Spain and the State of Qatar. |
|
 Sri Lanka
|
May 8, 2002 |
Sep 22, 2006 |
- |
|
 Sudan
|
- |
Nov 2, 2004 |
- |
|
 Suriname
|
May 10, 2002 |
May 18, 2012 |
- |
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 Swaziland
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Sep 24, 2012 |
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 Sweden
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Sep 8, 2000 |
Jan 19, 2007 |
Upon signature:
Declaration: “Reference is made to earlier statements submitted by the EU in connection with the Working group’s ad-referendum adoption of the Optional Protocol on 4 February 2000 and the national statement submitted by Sweden at the same occasion as well as the Swedish statement submitted in connection with the adoption of the Protocol by the General Assembly on 25 May 2000. Furthermore Sweden interprets the words ‘any representation’ in article 2 c) as ‘visual representation’ ”. Upon ratification: Declaration: ".....Sweden interprets the word "any representation"in article 2 c) of the Protocol as "visual representation". Objections: 27 November 2002 With regard to the reservation made by Qatar upon accession: "The Government of Sweden has examined the reservation made by Qatar upon acceding to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography. The Government of Sweden notes that the Protocol is being made subject to a general reservation of unlimited scope referring to the contents of Islamic sharia. The Government of Sweden is of the view that this reservation which does not clearly specify the provisions of the Convention to which it applies, and the extent of the derogation therefrom, raises serious doubts as to the commitment of Qatar to the object and purpose of the Protocol. The Government of Sweden would like to recall that, according to customary international law as codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty shall not be permitted. It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become parties are respected as to their object and purpose, by all parties, and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative changes necessary to comply with their obligations under the treaties. The Government of Sweden therefore objects to the aforesaid reservation made by the Government of Qatar to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography. This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between Qatar and Sweden. The Convention enters into force in its entirety between the two States, without Qatar benefiting from its reservation." 11 July 2003 With regard to the declaration made by Turkey upon ratification: "The Government of Sweden has examined the declaration made by Turkey upon ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The declaration states that Turkey will implement the provisions of the Optional Protocol only to the States Parties which it recognises and with which it has diplomatic relations. This statement in fact amounts, in the view of the Government of Sweden, to a reservation. The reservation makes it unclear to what extent Turkey considers itself bound by the obligations of the Optional Protocol. In absence of further clarification, therefore, the reservation raises doubt as to the commitment of Turkey to the object and purpose of the Optional Protocol. The Government of Sweden would like to recall that, according to customary international law as codified in the Vienna Convention of the Law of Treaties, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty shall not be permitted. It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become parties are respected as to their object and purpose, by all parties, and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative changes necessary to comply with their obligations under the treaties. The Government of Sweden therefore objects to the aforesaid reservation made by Turkey to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. This objection does not preclude the entry into force of the Optional Protocol between Turkey and Sweden. The Optional Protocol enters into force in its entirety between the two States, without Turkey benefiting from its reservation." |
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 Switzerland
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Sep 7, 2000 |
Sep 19, 2006 |
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 Syrian Arab Republic
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May 15, 2003 |
Reservation:
"A reservation is entered to the provisions set forth in article 3, paragraph 5, and article 3, paragraph 1 (a) (ii) of the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, which relate to adoption. Declaration: Ratification of the two Optional Protocols by the Syrian Arab Republic shall not in any event imply recognition of Israel and shall not lead to entry into any dealings with Israel in the matters governed by the provisions of the Protocols." |
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 Tajikistan
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Aug 5, 2002 |
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 Thailand
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Jan 11, 2006 |
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 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
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Jul 17, 2001 |
Oct 17, 2003 |
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 Timor-Leste
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Apr 16, 2003 |
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 Togo
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Nov 15, 2001 |
Jul 2, 2004 |
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 Tunisia
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Apr 22, 2002 |
Sep 13, 2002 |
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 Turkey
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Sep 8, 2000 |
Aug 19, 2002 |
Declaration:
"The Republic of Turkey declares that it will implement the provisions of the existing Optional Protocol only to the States Parties which it recognizes and with which it has diplomatic relations". |
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 Turkmenistan
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Mar 28, 2005 |
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 Uganda
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Nov 30, 2001 |
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 Ukraine
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Sep 7, 2000 |
Jul 3, 2003 |
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 United Arab Emirates
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Mar 2, 2016 |
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 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Sep 7, 2000 |
Feb 20, 2009 |
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Territorial Application from April 29 2014: “… the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland wishes the United Kingdom's Ratification of [the Optional Protocol] be extended to the territory of the Bailiwick of Jersey for whose international relations the United Kingdom is responsible. The Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland considers the extension of [the Optional Protocol] to the Bailiwick of Jersey to enter into force on the date of receipt of this notification by [the Secretary-General] for deposit …” |
 United Republic of Tanzania
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Apr 24, 2003 |
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 United States of America
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Jul 5, 2000 |
Dec 23, 2002 |
Reservation:
" To the extent that the domestic law of the United States does not provide for jurisdiction over an offense described in Article 3 (1) of the Protocol if the offense is committed on board a ship or aircraft registered in the United States, the obligation with respect to jurisdiction over that offense shall not apply to the United States until such time as the United States may notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations that United States domestic law is in full conformity with the requirements of Article 4 (1) of the Protocol. The Senate's advice and consent is subject to the following understandings: (1) NO ASSUMPTION OF OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD.-The United States understands that the United States assumes no obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child by becoming a party to the Protocol. (2) THE TERM "CHILD PORNOGRAPHY". -The United States understands that the term "sale of children" as defined in Article 2(a) of the Protocol, is intended to cover any transaction in which remuneration or other consideration is given and received under circumstances in which a person who does not have a lawful right to custody of the child thereby obtains de facto control over the child. (3) THE TERM "CHILD PORNOGRAPHY".-The United States understands the term "child pornography", as defined in Article 2(c) of the Protocol, to mean the visual representation of a child engaged in real or simulated sexual activities or of the genitalia of a child where the dominant characteristic is depiction for a sexual purpose. (4) THE TERM "TRANSFER OF ORGANS FOR PROFIT".-The United States understands that- (A) the term "transfer of organs for profit", as used in Article 3(1)(a)(i) of the Protocol, does not cover any situation in which a child donates an organ pursuant to lawful consent; and (B) the term "profit", as used in Article 3(1)(a)(i) of the Protocol, does not include the lawful payment of a reasonable amount associated with the transfer of organs, including any payment for the expense of travel, housing, lost wages, or medical costs. (5) THE TERMS "APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS" AND "IMPROPERLY INDUCING CONSENT".- (A) UNDERSTANDING OF "APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS".-The United States understands that the term "applicable international legal instruments" in Articles 3 (1) (a) (ii) and 3 (5) of the Protocol refers to the Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption done at The Hague on May 29, 1993 (in this paragraph referred to as "The Hague Convention"). (B) NO OBLIGATION TO TAKE CERTAIN ACTION.-The United States is not a party to The Hague Convention, but expects to become a party. Accordingly, until such time as the United States becomes a party to The Hague Convention, it understands that it is not obligated to criminalize conduct proscribed by Article 3(1)(a)(ii) of the Protocol or to take all appropriate legal and administrative measures required by Article 3(5) of the Protocol. (C) UNDERSTANDING Of' "IMPROPERLY INDUCING CONSENT".-The United States understands that the term "Improperly inducing consent" in Article 3(1)(a)(ii) of the Protocol means knowingly and willfully inducing consent by offering or giving compensation for the relinquishment of parental rights. (6) IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROTOCOL 1N THE FEDERAL SYSTEM OF THE UNITED STATES.-The United States understands that the Protocol shall be implemented by the Federal Government to the extent that it exercises jurisdiction over the matters covered therein, and otherwise by the State and local governments. To the extent that State and local governments exercise jurisdiction over such matters, the Federal Government shall as necessary, take appropriate measures to ensure the fulfillment of the Protocol. |
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 Uruguay
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Sep 7, 2000 |
Jul 3, 2003 |
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 Uzbekistan
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Dec 23, 2008 |
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 Vanuatu
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Sep 16, 2005 |
May 17, 2007 |
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 Venezuela
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Sep 7, 2000 |
May 8, 2002 |
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 Viet Nam
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Sep 8, 2000 |
Dec 20, 2001 |
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 Yemen
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Dec 15, 2004 |
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 Zambia
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Sep 29, 2008 |
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 Zimbabwe
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Feb 14, 2012 |
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